Nepal in Numbers: 50 Surprising Facts About the Land of Himalayas

Geographically Nepal is situated between China and India. These two neighboring countries have the highest population in the world with both having more than one billion people, but the population of Nepal is very small compared to its neighbor countries.

Though the size of population of the Nepalis much less than that of its neighbor countries, the distribution of population has been a matter of major concern for the country. Nepalese people are so polite to each other and welcome their guests with big heart.

There are many casts in Nepal but Nepalese are living together in harmony and co-operation. So, you might be eager to know more about Nepalese People. In this article, we are here with the 50 interesting facts about Nepalese People. Check it out:

1. Census in Nepal:

The operation of census was initiated in Nepal since 1911. There were more or less head counts based on household-level information in the Initial censuses till 1952. According to the first census in Nepal (1911), the population of Nepal was of 5.6 million. Since then, more or less at the interval of ten years, the census count has been conducted.

All of the technicalaid needed in conducting the census was obtained from United Nations in the census 1952/54.  And in fact,the first scientific census ever conducted in Nepal was the census of the year 1952/1953.Because of different reasons, the census was carried out in two points in time.

For example, in 1952, eastern part of the country was enumerated whilein 1954, the western half was enumerated.In terms of international standard and comparisons, the census of 1961 is usually accepted as the first systematic and scientific census as the enumeration was carried out in two points in time.

2. Fact about the latest census of Nepalese people: –

According to the latest census of 2011, the population of Nepal was 26494504 as of June 2011. During the last decade i.e. 2001-2011, the averageannual population growth rate was 1.35 percent. Thecensus also showed that the sex ratio i.e. males per 100 females was 94.6. In other words, in the total population of Nepal, 48.5% are male and 51.8% are female and the accurate female population was 796422 in thecountry.

The total population obtained in different censuses of Nepal, Fluctuations in the annual growth rate of population is mainly related to the quality of data obtained in thecensus particularly the coverage and insufficient counting and possibly over-count in different censuses. It shows that the rate of population growth in Nepal is still quite high (1.35 percent).

This high growth rateof population has affected almost every aspect of life i.e. both social as well as economic. It has causedlarge pressure on inadequate land resource as more and more marginal land is being cultivated. Thegrowth of population has also led to scarcities of food, shelter at places of country. Forests are being depleted because of the need to farminglands for food production.

These activities of people have resulted in frequent landslides, floods as well assoil erosion.Up to this date, the process of taking census is going on. As, the population of Nepal is increasing and many awareness programs are being initiated and implemented in all over the country, mostly in rural areas. Awareness about contraceptive devices and demerits of population growth are being organized all over Nepal.

3. Fact of Nepalese people based on geographical region: –

Nepal has three distinct ecological regions. These are mountains, which are well-defined as area that is located between the altitude of 4877 and 8848 meters covers 35 percent of land area, while hills are well-defined asarea that is located between the altitude from 610 to 4876 meters and includes 42 percent of land area.

According to census 2011, Altogether these regions consists of about 77 percent of the total area and comprises a population of about 49.7 percent of the totalpopulation. The Terairegion of Nepalis located below the elevation of 610 meters.

The region covers of 23 percent ofthe total land area of Nepal and comprises more than half (50.3%) of the population. The increasing of trend of migration and fertility rate, also clearly shows that the proportion of population living in Terai region is growing, while the proportion of people living inthe hill and mountain regionsare declining over the years. There are many reasons for the disproportionate distribution of population amongecological regions of Nepal. Following are the some of thereasons;

1. a) Unequal distribution of resources
2. b) Availability of productive land in Terai,
3. c) Difficult topography of Hill and Mountain
4. d) Disparity in socio-economic development and
5. e) The lack of basic facilities and infrastructure in these regions.
6. f) Lack of access to information.

4. Fact of the regional population rate of increase of Nepalese people: –

Compared to the hills and mountains, the rate of increase of population is higher in the Terairegion. During the decade of 1971-81, in terai region the population has increased by 4.1 per cent. However, during years 1971, the population growth rate has decreased in all the three geographical regions.

Apart from this, during the period of 1991-2001, the population growth rate has increased in the mountains and hills butthere was slightly reduced in the Terai. During 2001-2011, the growth rate of population has been gradually decreased in all ecological regions of Nepal. But even then, the rate of population growth in the Terai region is much higher than that of mountains or hills.

About the study of population of Nepal by development regions, it is collected thatin central development region, the proportionof population is highest in the Central Development region whereas in remote far western development region, there is lowest proportion of population.During 1981-91, the growth rate of populationhasreduced in all development regions as compared to the previous decades.The reduction in the population growth rate was highest in eastern development region.

5. Fact about population of Nepalese people based on development region: –

In the year 1971-1981, the population growth rate of eastern development region was 2.86 per cent, which was decreased up to 1.83 percent in decades 1981-91. However, the population growth rate of Central Development Region reduced to 2.33 percent from 2.42 percent per year.

During the decade 1991 to 2001 highest growth rate wasrecorded for Far-Western Development Region (2.66 percent), and the reason of highest population growth rate is illiteracy and lack of awareness while the second highest rate of growth wasrecorded for Central Development Region (2.61 percent). Similarly, during the decade 2001-2011, thegrowth rate of population has decreased in all development regions and the highest growth rate is in centraldevelopment region (1.84 percent) and the lowest growth rate is in western development region (0.75 percent).

6. Fact about Growth Rate and Distribution of Population by Districts;

Kathmandu district has the largest population of the district which is indicated by the different census of Nepal.The population of the Kathmandu district was 1744240 according to the census held in 2011. As well, according to census 2011,Manang district has the population of 6539.

In Kathmandu district, the maximum density was observed with 4416 persons per square kilometer.There is a sort spatial concentration of population after the last census. The Census Report shows that the ten districts with the most population and the ten districts with the least population.Various information’sshow that Kathmandu and eastern and central Terai districts have been the 10 most populated districts in Nepal. These 10 districts constitute about one third of the total population.

7. Fact of people based on Sex ratio of Nepalese people: –

The sex composition of a population is shown by sex ratio. The sex composition is calculated by using the formula which is defined as a proportion of total number ofmales to total number offemales multiplied by 100. Thus, it specifies the number of males per 100 females. The sex ratio of 103-105 is obtained at birth in normal population. This specifies that for every 100 female babies bornnearly 105 male babies are born. As the age increases, sex ratiogets in favor of females as mortality for males are higher than females.

For every 100 female births, the sex ratio at birth is around 105 male births and prevailing higher risk of deathamong females than males in the country, low sex ratio can only be clarified by the opportunity of a large volume of temporary male emigration.

8. Fact about Age distribution of Nepalese people: –

Whether peopleare young or old, or getting older or younger depends on the proportion of people of different age groups. In general, a population under the age 15 covers about 35 percent is considered to be young and the population aged 65 or above 65 covers 10% is considered old.

There are various factors affecting age structure which are the fertility, mortality and migration. However, under normal condition, the effect of mortality and migrationis smaller and at each group the proportion of population is mainly affected by fertility. The population of Nepal is compriseschiefly of young people and it has remained young since 1960’s.Under the age of 15 years, the present population under  isabout 35 percent.

Likewise, the population of age group 15-59 was about57%. In the census, this age structure indicates thatnearly persons in 3 in number of working ages i.e. 15-59 years have to take care of the two persons with age less than 15 years or population of ages of 60 years or more.

This age structure of Nepalese population is mainly due to mortality and declining fertility. Thecurrent age structure suggests that a large part of resources have to be spent on basic infrastructures such aseducation, nutrition and health of young people just to maintain a status quo.

It also suggests thatthemomentum of populationof Nepal is still very high, due to the young nature of population of Nepal signifyingthatthe population of Nepal will continue to raise for fairly some time even if the fertility were to reach replacement level today. The percentage of age group 10-14 was highest according to census 2011.Age group 0-4, should have the largest population under normal situation.

It also suggests that due to the young nature of Nepal’s population, the speed of Nepal’s population is still very high, it shows that Nepal’s population will continue for some time, even if reproductive capacity reaches replacement level.

9. Fact about Crude Birth Rate of Nepalese People: –

Fertility measures together with CBR are calculated either through direct methods or through indirect methods. Indirect method of estimating fertility is used in the absence of significant registration and survey data.The age structure of population are utilized by these methods and otheravailable demographic parameters for the estimation of fertility and mortality indicators which are based on stable population.

Direct method of fertility estimates aregenerally used as once the survey data are accessible. The Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 2011 has indicated that the CBR is around 24.3 per thousand in Nepal. Although, this means a reduction of around 4 points during the last 5 years, this CBR is still considered to be pretty high.

10. Fact about Age specific fertility rate of Nepalese People: –

Age Specific Fertility Rates (ASFRs) are defined as the ratio of children born to a specific age group of women to the number of women in the risk of bearing children. The age pattern of fertility specifies that in the early part of child bearing period of nepalese women have the highest fertility.

For example, with age range 20-24, one thousand women, 234women gave births in ayear 2003-2005 while the corresponding number for women in the age range 35-39 is only48. We find that fertility has reduced for all ages during the last five-year period ifwe compare the age definitefecundity rates of the period 1998-2000 and 2003-2005.

11. Fact about Total fertility rate of Nepalese People: –

The total fertility rate (TFR) is another measure generally used to describe the level of fertility. TFR is well-defined as the number of children; woman would bear during her childbearing period underprevailing age specific fertility rate.Till mid-eighties, the level of TFR was around 5.1.

During the period of 2001 to 2006, asignificant reduction in fertility canbe seen when a decline of one child was observed. The estimate of TFR for Nepal to be 2.6 as per provided by the Nepal Demographicand Health Survey 2011.

12. Fact about Legal age of marriage in Nepal: –

In Nepal, with parental agreement, legal minimum age at marriage for both girl and boy has been set at 18years. If the boys and girls want to marry by themselves, then the least legal age for marriage for bothgirls and boys is 20 years. In many ethnic groups, this was scarcely followed in the start and the managing at marriage was quite low then. In some societies, girls are still married at younger ages and this shows thatthelegal provision above mentioned is yet to be practiced to a full extent.

13. Fact about Family planning in Nepal: –

In fact, Nepal was one of the first countries of South Asia, where all the methods and more information is available about family planning through a non-governmental program. Initially, the program about family planning was integrated with maternal child health services.

Subsequently after the nineties, Family planning has become anvivacious part of the health services of country as all the health services were brought together. Family planning activities were commenced by the family Planning Association of Nepal (FPAN) , a nongovernmental organization  which was established in 1959 to create awareness among the people about the need  and necessity of family planning.The demand for contraceptive methods has been increased which was nearly 72 percent and in 2011, the demand has again increased to 77 percent.

14. Fact about Breastfeeding in Nepal: –

Nepal Demographic Health Survey 2011 specified that It is universal for breast-feeding and about 98percent women breastfed their children after birth, signifying that this ratio has been more or lessnot changeable over the years. Differentials in breast-feeding specify that younger, urban, and educated (literate)women are less likely to breast feed their children than their counterparts.

According to NDHS, 2011, in Nepal, the averageperiod of any breastfeeding is 33.6 months, which is alike to the data observed from the 2006 NDHS. The mean duration of breastfeeding for all children is 28.8months. The median duration of exclusive breastfeeding for all children is 4.2 months, and the meanduration is 5 months. These figures are higher than those reported in 2006, when the median duration ofexclusive breastfeeding was 2.5 months and the mean duration was 4 months.

15. Fact about Abortion in Nepal: –

Nepal made abortion legal in September 2002. In March 2004, The government beganto provide comprehensive abortion care (CAC) services. The abortion law let women to terminate their pregnancy under thefollowing conditions:

• On the own decision of pregnancies of 12 weeks gestation or less for any woman
• 18 weeks of pregnancies or pregnancy due to the result of rape or incest and
• If the life of mother is at risk, if her physical or mental health is at risk or if the fetus is deformed then Pregnancies of any duration with the recommendation of an authorized medical practitioner can be terminated.

Only 38 percent of women with age 15-49 believe that abortion is legal in Nepal according to NDHS 2011.Those women who specified that it is legal to have abortion in Nepal were further asked about under what situations it is legal.

Among women who believe that abortion is legal in Nepal, one-third of the population stated that it is legal for pregnanciesup to 12 weeks, and one-fifth of them stated that it is legal for pregnancies of 18 weeks duration if there were a result of rape or incest.

Nearly two-fifths of women did not know about under what conditions abortion is legal in Nepal. In Nepal, Service providers have been trained to conduct safe abortions with the legalization of abortion.

16. Fact about Family size:-

A small family size is preferred by both men and women of Nepal with only marginal differences between them (2.1 children for women and 2.3 children for men). Nearly two-thirds of women and men want to have twochildren, while 13 percent of women and 8 percent of men want to have only one child.

Also, 18% percentwomen and 21 percent of men prefer to have a three -child family. The proportion of men and women who prefer four or more than 4 children is small. Only 5 percent women and 6 percent men want to have four children by which we can say that the proportion is really small.

Over the last five years, among currently married women there has been a decrement in the mean ideal number of children which is 2.4 children in 2006 to 2.2 in 2011. This finding could also explain the decrease in total fertility rate in Nepal.

17. Fact about Crude Death rate of Nepalese People:-

The proportionof number of deaths annually to the person years of death during that period multiplied by a constant (usually 1000) is actually defined as Crude death rate (CDR). It should be noted that person-years of exposure is generally approximated by mid-year population for simplicity and ease of approximation.The mortality rate of the Nepal is 8.3 according to CBS 2011.

18. Fact about Life expectancy of Nepalese people:-

We need age specific mortality rates in order to calculate life expectancy which are tough to obtain, as it requires a survey of large sample size. Life expectancy is generally estimated on the basis of the censusdata withusing indirect techniques as the registration data of birth and death is very low.

For Nepalese People, mortality evaluations used in the population projection (MOPE 1999) life expectation of life at birth has reached 64.1 years. Due to the improvement of health facilities that has reduced death rates, especially among infant and children during the last decade, there is significant change in life expectancy.

19. Fact about immigration of Nepalese people:-

The population residing outside the country are 1921494 persons out of total population which is 152 percent more than that emigrated population in 2001. This number of emigrated population in the year 2011 accounts 7.25 percent of total population. It should be noted that, at least one member of their household is absent or is living out ofcountry  is described by the data, one in every four households (25.42%) and 44.81 percent of absent population is from the age group 15 to 24 years in the year 2011.

20. fact about Internal Migration of Nepalese people :-

In 1961, the number of Migrants was low but it has been increased to 3,788,049 in 2011. During 1961-2011, the data shows that nearly a nine-fold increase in thenumber of inter-district migrants in  Nepal. The  census of 1971counted a total of 506,925inter-regional migrants, which, with an increase of 5.2 fold reached 2,654,047 in 2011.

During thisperiod, the number ofinter-zonal migrants increased by 4.7% from 445,128 in 1971 to 2,088,170 in 2011 and it shows that until 1991, the inter-district lifetime migration line raises slowly and then it gets stepper thereafter by implying a more rapid increase in the number of lifetime migrants after 1991.

21. Fact about Household information about Ownership of housing units :-

In total, the percentage of the households live in theirown house is 85.26 whilethe percentage of family living in rented house is 12.81, the percentage of household residing in institutional is 0.63 percent and the percentage of household residing in other arrangements is 1.30. In urban areas, population residing in rented house is 40.22 percent.58.65 percentage of households living in rentedhouse is highest in Kathmandu district.

In urban areas, the percentage of households live in houseswith the foundation that have RCC pillars is 29.2.Highest numbers of households (41.38 percent) live in houses whichhas outer wall made of mud bonded bricks or stone followed by outer wall made ofcement bonded bricks or stone (28.74 percent), bamboo wall (20.23 percent) andwood/planks (5.31 percent).

The average household size has decreased from 5.44 in 2001 to 4.88 in2011 at the national level. In Rautahat district, the household size is recorded as highest (6.44) and in Kaski district, the household size is recorded as lowest (3.92).

In total, the households live in their homes have the percentage of 85.26, while rented household have the 12.81 percent, institutional household holds 0.63 percent and 1.30 percent in other arrangements. In urban areas, rent is at home of 40.22 percent.

22. Fact about Source of drinking water of Nepalese people:-

The main source of drinking water is Tap/piped water which constitutes about 47.78percent of the total families. For approximately 35 percent of the total households, Tubewell/hand pump is the main source of drinking water while spout, uncovered well/kuwaand covered well/kuwa is the main source of drinking water for 5.74 percent, 4.71 percentand 2.45 percent of the total households respectively.

23. Fact about Usual fuel for cooking of Nepalese people:

Firewood is used as the usual source of fuel by about two-third of the total households (about 64 percent) for cooking followed by LPG with 21.03 percent, cowdung with 10.38 percent.  2.43 and 1.3 percent of household used Bio-gas and Kerosene respectively. Electricity is used by very few households (0.08 percent) asusual fuel for cooking. In urban areas, LPG is used by more than two third (67.68 percent) of the totalhouseholds as their usual fuel for cooking.

24. Fact about Source of lighting of Nepalese people:

More than two third (67.26 percent) of the total household’s mainsource of lighting is electricity. Kerosene is used by 18.28 percent of the total householdsfor lighting while solar and bio-gas is the source of light for 7.44 and 0.28 percent of thetotal households respectively. In western development region and in the mid-western region, the use of electricity as the source of light is found highest(78.03 percent) and lowest (42.32 percent) respectively.

25. Fact about Toilet in the house of Nepalese people:

Households with more than one third i.e. 38.17 percent of the total households have no toilet in their houses. In rural areas, there are almost many households without toilet (95.4%). In districts like Saptari, Rolpa, Siraha and Rautahat more than 75 percent of households indo not have a toilet in their houses.

26. Fact about Female ownership of fixed assets of Nepalese people:

Inurban areas, 26.77 percent of the households show female-ownership of fixed assets in urban areaswhile 18.02 percentage of household show female ownership of fixed assets in rural areas.

27. Fact about Absent member in households of Nepalese people:

Total number of absent population is found to be 1,921,494 against 0 .7 million in 2001. From the age group 15 to 24 years, there is highest proportion (44.81 percent) of absent population. Pyuthan, Gulmi andArghakhanchiare the districts which has the highestratio of their population being absent (staying abroad).

28. fact about Average Household Size of Nepalese people:

Average household size at the national level has decreased from5.44 in 2001 to 4.88 in the current census 2011. The household size is recorded highest(6.44) in Rautahat district and lowest (3.92) in Kaski.

29. Fact about Household Head of Nepalese people:

In the year 2001, in the countryfamilies having female as head were amplified by about 11point percent from 14.87% to 25.73%.

30. Fact about Caste/Ethnicity of Nepalese people:

According to census 2011, There are 126 caste/ethnic groups reported in Nepal. Among the total population, Chhetri isthe largest caste/ethnic groups with the population 16.6% (4,398,053) followedby Brahman-Hill (12.2% ; 3,226,903), Magar (7.1% ; 1,887,733), Tharu (6.6% ; 1,737,470), Tamang (5.8% ; 1,539,830), Newar (5% ; 1,321,933), Kami (4.8% ; 1,258,554), Musalman(4.4% ; 1,164,255), Yadav (4% ; 1,054,458) and Rai (2.3% ; 620,004).

31. Fact about Mother Tongue of Nepalese people:

As reported in census 211, there are 123 languages spoken as mother tongue. By 44.6 percent (11,826,953) of total population speak Nepali as mother tongue. 11.7 percent (11,826,953) of total population speak Maithali as mother tongue and population followedBhojpuri (5.98%; 1,584,958), Tharu(5.77%; 1,529,875), Tamang (5.11%; 1,353,311), Newar (3.2%; 846,557), Bajjika (2.99%;793,418), Magar (2.98%; 788,530), Doteli (2.97%; 787,827), Urdu (2.61%; 691,546).

32. Religion of Nepalese people

As reported in census, there are ten types of religion categories. Hindu isfollowed by 81.3 percent (21,551,492) of the population followed by Buddhism (9%;2,396,099), Islam (4.4%; 1,162,370), ,Kirat (3.1%; 807,169), Christianity (1.4%; 375,699),Prakriti (0.5%; 121,982), Bon (13,006), Jainism (3,214), Bahai (1,283) and Sikhism (609).

33. Disability in Nepalese people:

In Nepal, 513,321 population of total population (2%) found with some kind ofdisability. Of total population, 36.3 percent of population constituent of physical disability which is followed by Blindness/Low Vision (18.5%), Deaf/Hard to hearing (15.4%), Speech problem(11.5%), Multiple Disability (7.5%), Mental Disability (6%), Intellectual Disability (2.9%) andDeaf-Blind (1.8%).

34. Literacy Rate of Nepalese people:

According to census 2001 and 2011, overall literacy rate (for population aged 5 years and above) has increasedfrom 54.1 percent to 65.9 percent. Compared to female literacy rate of 57.4%, Male literacy rate is higher which is 75.1 percent. In Kathmandu district, the highest literacy rate is reported which is 86.3 % and in Humla, the lowest literacy rate is reported as is 47.8%.

35. Poverty profile of Nepalese people: –

More than ¼ of Nepali (7.05 million) are living below the poverty line.Approximately, the same proportions indigenous peoples are living below the poverty line in hilly region, but within this group of population, there is significant disparity:

The Newari people have a relatively low poverty rate, while the population of Kumal, Sunuwar, majhi and Chepang have about 40 percent of the population who are living below the poverty line. 31.7 percent of Magars are living below the poverty line, though the poverty rate for this group declined sharply by nearly 30 percentage points during the 15-year period from 1995/96 to 2010/11 (from 61.3 percent in 1995/96 to 34.4 percent in 2003/04 and 31.7 percent in 2010/11). The progress in poverty reduction is encouraging among Tamangs whose head count poverty rate declined sharply by 32 percentage points from 61.2 percent in 2003/04 to 28.34 in 2010/11.

Among other indigenous peoples, Limbu, Rai and Gurung have the poverty rate of 25.3, 22.0 and 21.7 percent respectively. Among the Newar group, rate of poverty is 10.25 percent, which is somewhat less than that of Brahmins of Hilly region.Interestingly, most of the ethnic and caste groups rank differently according to these different measures.

For example, the people of various castes have the third highest poverty incidence, while in poverty severity, they rank sixth in number. Comparing them to indigenous people of hilly region shows that the Terai castes have a higher risk of being in poverty, but the level of poverty of them (poverty severity) tends to be less deep or severe than that of indigenous people of hilly region.

36. Consumption Pattern of Nepalese people :-

The average yearly nominal consumption expenditure of a household is estimated to be Rs. 170,735 in Nepal, as well the average minimal per capita consumption expenditure to be Rs. 34,809. The richest 10 percent of the population are consuming more than nine-fold what the poorest 10 percent of the population are consuming. Among different castes and ethnic groups of people, there is also high variance in consumption expenditures.

37. Income Patternof Nepalese people: –

Brahmins of hilly region have the highest per capita consumption among the broad caste and ethnic groups. Among the broad groups, mean consumption for Dalits is the lowest. There is wide variation among indigenous peoples. Hill and Terai Dalits, Terai castes andindigenous peoples are highly skewed towards the poorest quintile, whereas most hill Brahmins and Chhetris fall in the middle, upper middle and upper classes.

These consumption patterns clearly show the disproportionate distribution of poverty among the various ethnic groups in Nepal.There is the wide variation in the distribution of income between ethnic and caste groups in Nepal. According to the income distribution chart, most of the Dalit population is focused in the lower quintiles which meanthat Dalits jointly hold only a small percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country where most of Brahmins and Chhetris, on the other hand, fall into the upper quintiles. 

Among the indigenous population, the distribution of income is more or less similar to distribution of income in the total population. However, certain indigenous groups experience a strikingly uneven income distribution that is masked when we examine indigenous groups in the aggregate. Particularly, the castes such as Limbus, Magars, and the Kumal, Sunuwar, Majhi, and Chepangfall disproportionately in the lower income quintiles.

38. Source of income of Nepalese People:-

In the population of Newar caste, the major source of income is non-farming, whereas the population of Rai and Limbu groups heavily rely on farming. Surprisingly, for the indigenous people of terai region including Tharu, the major source of income is the non-farming sector.

Remittances from relatives working abroad is the most significant source of income for Gurungs. In hilly region, Brahmins involvement is towards the non-farming sectors and Chhetri’s communityare more involve in farming. On non-farming activities, around half of all Dalit households are depended.

39. Employment involvement of Nepalese People: –

The rate oflabor force participation of indigenous peoples is relatively high – more than 80 percent except for Gurung and Newar Population. This is due in part to the participation of indigenous children in the work force starting at an early age. Women’s participation in wage work and the greater ability among wealthier groups for sick or elderly people to discontinue participating in the workforce may also be contributing factors.

In rural region, the Labor Force Participation Rate is typically higher in where agricultural work accompanies the much of the economic activity, than in urban areas. The unemployment rate is truly and typically higher in urban areas and lower in rural areas.

40. Child labor in Nepal: –

. The Newar and Gurung children constitute a higher percentage i.e. 50 to 60 percent who are able to attend school without working compared with other indigenous children. Among the population of Rai, Magar, Limbu, Kumal, Sunuwar, Majhi and Chepang groups, only children of about 35 to 46 percent attend school without having to work.

Almost working indigenous children taking two-thirdsare employed for less than 20 hours per week, whereas about one-fourth of children work 20 to 39 hours per week and 8 percent of them work more than 39 hours per week. A Rai and Limbu children of comparatively higher proportion work 40 or more hours per week.

41. Agriculture involvement of Nepalese People: –

In Nepal, about three-quarters of households are families, and about one-fourth of the farm families are headed by women. Out of indigenous groups, almost all new homes are practicing agriculture whereas more than 85% of Magar families are involved in agriculture.

Approximately 38% of agricultural land is cultivated by tribal families. In the mountainous areas, there are 31% functional and caste groups in Brahmin and ChhatisTerai region, which is 18% of all agricultural land. The Dalit families operate only 9% of the agricultural land. The average size of the land organized by the families of the farm in all castes and ethnic groups is 0.4 hectares between Dalite and 0.9 hectares between Terai and Terai indigenous homes.

In Nepal, rice fields and vegetables are popular crops among farmers. Mecca and vegetables are generally grown in relation to indigenous people and other cultures among Dalits. This can be due to the poor quality of their land, which makes it difficult to develop more favorite crops like rice fields and wheat.

On the other hand, rice and wheat are mainly grown in the Terai caste house, which are going to grow well in the fertile lowlands. The spread of agricultural mechanization in Nepal is less. Not surprisingly, the mechanization of agriculture is relatively strong in the Terai region and Tharoo farmers are more likely to use tractors, tillers and threshers than other groups. Water pumps among the lowland farmers are also more common.

Almost 64 percent of the farmers increase livestock on their land and raise the goats or sheep in the same proportion as the families of the farm. Adivasi homes are very popular with homes, stems and poultices, whereas in Brahmin families, buffaloes are more popular.

42. Health State of Nepalese: –

In these groups suffering from chronic diseases in Pahari Brahmin, Navar and Gurung groups, the highest rate of 15.5%, 14.1% and 13.5% of chronic disease respectively. On the contrary, Tharu, Lemu, Rai and Tamang groups are generally the lowest rate of low-rich and less educated, chronic disease, which ranges from 8.3% to 9.7%. Diseased and tribal groups have a nearly identical rate of chronic disease in many populations.

Compared to women in other groups, there is a high proportion of Brahmin women suffering from chronic diseases. Generally, the proportion of people suffering from chronic diseases between the richest quintile (16.3%) is almost twice the poorest quintile (7.9%). More than 54% of the total cancer reporting population.

The report of this disease is more concentrated among the indigenous people of the mountain, who represent 34% of the total population with cancer. 20.5% of Dalits are the second most affected population. Other groups responsible for less than 10% of the total group cancer population.

The total population suffering from specific diseases such as heart disease, respiratory problems, asthma, epilepsy, cancer, diabetes, kidney / liver problems, arthritis, hypertension and gastrointestinal diseases are in the order of 30 to 39%. High blood pressure, kidney and liver disease, and respiratory problems are major diseases after affecting indigenous people after cancer, 39% people with high blood pressure or low blood pressure, 37.3% of kidney and liver disease and 37.1% of respiratory problems are tribal people. The burden of this kind of disease is particularly high among tribal people, which has hampered their economic development and has also affected their health.

43. Nepalese Access to education of Nepalese people: –

By reaching elementary school facilities, 94.7% of households have primary school access within 30 minutes of the house. Apart from Navar (9 0.4%), Hill Chetris (91.8%) and Dalit Hill (9 3.5%), the proportion of population in the first half of the year is more than 30 minutes. For the 17% of Kamaal, Sunuwar, Ex and Chepang families, the nearest primary school, 14% of Rai houses and 9% of Tamang families.

Approximately 87 percent of the lowland caste has access to high school within 30 minutes of its home, followed by 86 percent neur house. Similarly, around 82% of the lowland Dalai has access to high school in 30 minutes. 80% of the remaining groups and 30% of the population have access to a house. Hill tracts are second only among hill and ethnic groups, and 65% of the houses have access to property. Hill Indigenous Peoples, New York, USA, USA

44. Access to Nepali Public Hospitals and Primary Health Centers: –

Nearly 59 percent of families in Navarwa and 40 percent of the lower caste and Brahmin families have access to public hospitals or primary health care within 30 minutes. Access to households, primary health care and public hospitals is very different: 30% of these services can be accessed within 30 minutes of their home and 26% have to travel more than three hours. However, people of the Chhattis race have better access to health services than the Dalits and indigenous people in the hilly areas.

Approximately 24% tribal mountain families have access to public hospitals or primary health care within 30 minutes, which is slightly more than this area, which includes 21% in 30 minutes. In the Terai area, indigenous people have 30% better access with public hospitals or PHCs in less than 30 minutes. In all castes and ethnic groups, the population of Magar and Lembu is the most harmful, 16% and 17% families are able to reach hospitals or primary care centers within 30 minutes of their homes.

45. Nepalese access to banking service: –

Nearly 41% of all Nepalese families have access to the bank within 30 minutes of the house. The banks have the best access to the Navarro, about 69 percent of the households are able to reach a commercial bank within 30 minutes of their home.

In other areas, after the Navar, the hill Brahmins have the best access to banks, 53% of families travel less than 30 minutes to reach the nearest commercial bank. Only 22 percent of Dalits have access to the bank within 30 minutes, which is the lowest rate of all groups in the Terai area. Nearly 30 percent of indigenous homes and 42 percent of the indigenous homes in the hill area have access to a bank within 30 minutes of their home in the hill area.

46. Access to Nepal’s Market Centers: –

Approximately 71% of new homes have access to the market center within 30 minutes of their homes, followed by 54% of your caste and Terai 52% of indigenous households. Hill Chhetri’s house is less, 43 percent are able to reach the market center within 30 minutes of their home.

In this regard, the Dalits of the hilly region are the most vulnerable with less than 29 percent of the families who are able to reach the market center within 30 minutes of their home. In the Terai region, Dalits have a much better reach compared to Dalits in the hilly areas, which represent 44.5%. Factors such as terrestrial factors and better transport facilities can contribute to the difference between hills and thiraidalits. 33% tribal (non-navar) families in the mountain area have access to market centers within 30 minutes, which is slightly better in the hilly areas than the Dalit group.

However, the proportion of large castes such as Tamang, Rai, Gurung and Lumbu families, which account for between 22 to 30 percent and about one-fifth of the total population, should take more than three hours to reach the central market. near. Only the Dalits and Chaturthi hills have a significant proportion of their population with such a long journey time to reach the nearest market.

47. Nepalese access to transport: –

About half of the total population is home to 51%, it takes less than 30 minutes to reach the nearest paved road. Only 75 percent of homes and 61 percent of Newar Brahmin families live in paved roads, which take less than 30 minutes, while only 45 percent of the villages in the hilly areas can use only 45 percent.

This is probably the result of the government government’s bargain in the large areas of the Midwest and West Hills, this area has limited network of roads with roads. At least 38% of the tribal families live in the plush areas within 30 minutes from the nearest paved road, and in this group, the homes Limbu, Rai and other facilities will not be accounted for only 27%, it is less than 31% only. is. Percent.

There is such a reach in 31 percent households. Castes such as Sherpa, Bhujel, Bhote and Thakli families have access to the Asphalt Road within 30 minutes of their home where they represent only 38%. Dalits have access to at least paved roads in the hilly areas, only 30 percent of the households have access to the Asphalt road within 30 minutes of their home. Families say 46% are reaching for more than three hours of closest roads, but 34% of households, Limbu and Tamang 49% and 39% for families (dalits 39%) are reaching the same level Using the Road. the problems.

48. Access to Nepal’s Internet Facility: –

Navarro has the highest access rate for Internet services, 72% of Newars are able to access internet facilities within 30 minutes of their home, after which Tharu houses 58%. In mountainous clusters, the Brahminic population of the mountainous area has the best access to internet facilities, in which 56% is the opportunity to reach internet facilities within 30 minutes of your home.

In the 35% area tribal people report similar access, which is below the national average of 43%. One of the indigenous people of the mountainous region is inequalities and some groups have little access to the internet. Only Magraj and Lembu families represent 23%, in the Rai households, approximately 33% and 35% of the Tamang families have internet access in 30 minutes.

Many caste Tarai and Chhetri hill areas also have better access to internet services that provide equal access information for indigenous people and Dalits, 44% and 41% of families. In this sense, 22% of Dalits in the hilly region are the most harmed with the Kami families who can reach internet facilities within 30 minutes.

49. Summary of Nepali service facilities: –

Between reaching the facilities and rates of caste and ethnic poverty, there is a significant correlation in Nepal. The Brahmins of the mountainous area have used more and more facilities for various facilities including paved roads, dirt roads and markets, all other groups and their poverty rates are reduced in all caste and ethnic groups.

Among the groups with limited access to facilities, this poverty rate is high. It is important to remember the time required to access access features, but it is important to remember that it does not guarantee the quality of the services received.

50. Tribe of Nepali people: –

There are Nepali Arya tribes in the south, where people towards the Himalayas are the people of China-Tibetan tribe. Arya tribe reside in the terai region and hilly region. Mangolian tribe lives in Hilly and mountain region. Arya tribe comprises of Brahmin, Chettri, Guota, Yadav and others where China-Tibetan tribe comprises of castes like Rai, Magar, Limbu, Gurung, Newar, Thakali etc.