7. Fourth Day – Govardhan Puja and Mha Puja

The fourth day of Tihar is celebrated differently across Nepal depending on community traditions. For many Hindus, the day is observed as Govardhan Puja or Goru Tihar, while the Newar community celebrates Mha Puja, one of the most unique rituals in Nepali culture.

Govardhan Puja commemorates the story of Lord Krishna lifting Govardhan Hill to protect villagers from heavy rain and storms. People create symbolic representations of Govardhan using cow dung and offer prayers for protection, prosperity, and agricultural abundance.

Oxen (Goru), which play an essential role in farming and agriculture, are also worshipped on this day. They are decorated with flower garlands, tika, and special food offerings as a gesture of gratitude for their hard work.

Mha Puja – Worship of the Self

Among the Newar community, Mha Puja is one of the most important rituals of the year. The term “Mha” means self, and “Puja” means worship. This ceremony focuses on self-respect, purification, spiritual awareness, and personal well-being.

Family members sit around beautifully decorated mandalas made from colored powders and flowers. Rituals are performed to bless the individual soul and encourage positive energy for the coming year.

• Celebrates self-awareness and personal growth
• Marks the beginning of Nepal Sambat New Year
• Strengthens family and community ties
• Encourages gratitude and spiritual balance

8. Fifth Day – Bhai Tika

The fifth and final day of Tihar is Bhai Tika, one of the most emotional and meaningful celebrations in Nepal. This day honors the sacred bond between brothers and sisters.

Sisters apply a colorful seven-colored tika (Saptarangi Tika) on their brothers’ foreheads and pray for their long life, health, success, and happiness. Brothers, in return, offer gifts and blessings to their sisters.

According to Hindu mythology, the tradition is connected to Yama, the god of death, and his sister Yamuna. Their story symbolizes love, protection, and lifelong family bonds.

• Strengthens sibling relationships
• Promotes family unity
• Celebrates gratitude and affection
• Preserves cultural heritage across generations

9. Deusi and Bhailo – The Musical Heart of Tihar

One of the most exciting aspects of Tihar is Deusi-Bhailo, a traditional form of singing and dancing performed by groups who visit homes during the festival.

Participants sing festive songs, dance, play musical instruments, and offer blessings to households. In return, homeowners provide money, food, fruits, and sweets.

Deusi-Bhailo creates a festive atmosphere, strengthens community bonds, and helps preserve traditional Nepali music and culture.

• Encourages community participation
• Preserves traditional music and dance
• Brings joy and entertainment
• Promotes social harmony

10. How Tihar is Celebrated Today

While traditional rituals remain important, modern celebrations of Tihar have evolved. Families now use decorative LED lights, digital greetings, and social media to share festival moments.

Urban households often combine traditional customs with modern convenience, while Nepali communities abroad organize cultural events to keep their heritage alive.

• LED lighting alongside traditional diyas
• Online Bhai Tika celebrations through video calls
• Social media sharing and virtual greetings
• Community cultural programs abroad

11. Cultural Importance of the Five Days of Tihar

Tihar is much more than a festival. It represents a philosophy of gratitude, respect, harmony, and togetherness. Every day teaches valuable lessons about appreciating relationships with animals, nature, family, and oneself.

• Promotes respect for all living beings
• Strengthens family and social relationships
• Preserves Nepali traditions and heritage
• Encourages gratitude and positivity
• Celebrates harmony between humans and nature

The festival’s enduring popularity demonstrates the strength of Nepal’s cultural values and its ability to unite people across generations and geographical boundaries.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What are the five days of Tihar?

Kag Tihar, Kukur Tihar, Gai Tihar and Laxmi Puja, Govardhan Puja/Mha Puja, and Bhai Tika.

2. Why is Tihar called the Festival of Lights?

Because homes, temples, and public spaces are illuminated with oil lamps, candles, and decorative lights throughout the festival.

3. Why are animals worshipped during Tihar?

Animals are honored for their important roles in human life and their spiritual significance in Hindu traditions.

4. What is the significance of Bhai Tika?

Bhai Tika celebrates the bond between brothers and sisters through blessings, prayers, and gift exchanges.

5. What is Mha Puja?

Mha Puja is a Newar ritual focused on self-worship, self-respect, and spiritual purification.

6. What is Deusi-Bhailo?

It is a traditional form of singing and dancing performed during Tihar to spread blessings and joy.

7. Is Tihar celebrated outside Nepal?

Yes. Nepali communities worldwide celebrate Tihar while preserving their cultural traditions.

8. What foods are commonly eaten during Tihar?

Popular foods include sel roti, fruits, sweets, nuts, and various traditional Nepali dishes.

Conclusion

The five days of Tihar beautifully combine spirituality, culture, gratitude, and family values into one of Nepal’s most beloved festivals. Each day carries its own unique meaning, from honoring animals and nature to celebrating prosperity and sibling bonds.

Whether celebrated in a village home in Nepal or by Nepali communities abroad, Tihar continues to spread joy, unity, and hope. Its timeless traditions remind us to appreciate the people, animals, and blessings that enrich our lives every day.